Solving Systems of Linear Equations

9-2The Substitution Method

Overview

Solve one equation for a variable, substitute into the other, solve, then back-substitute.

Key ideas

  • Pick the easiest variable to isolate.
  • Substitute its expression into the other equation.
  • Solve, then find the other variable.

Worked examples

Example 1

Problem. y = 2x; x + y = 9.

Solution. x + 2x = 9 → x = 3, y = 6. (3, 6).

Practice

Try each one. Click Show answer when ready.

  1. 1.

    y = x − 1; 2x + y = 8.

  2. 2.

    x = y + 2; 3x + y = 14.

  3. 3.

    y = 4x; x + y = 10.

Challenge problems

A little tougher — great for test prep. Click Show answer when ready.

  1. 1.

    Solve by substitution: 3x + y = 7 and y = 2x − 1.

  2. 2.

    Solve by substitution: x + 2y = 8 and x = y + 2.