Radical Expressions

11-9Multiplication of Binomials Containing Radicals

Overview

Multiply with FOIL; use (a − b)(a + b) = a² − b² to rationalize denominators.

Key ideas

  • FOIL applies to radical binomials.
  • Conjugates eliminate radicals from a denominator.
  • Combine like radicals at the end.

Worked examples

Example 1

Problem. (√3 + 1)(√3 − 1)

Solution. 3 − 1 = 2

Example 2

Problem. (2 + √5)(2 − √5)

Solution. 4 − 5 = −1

Practice

Try each one. Click Show answer when ready.

  1. 1.

    (√2 + 3)(√2 − 3)

  2. 2.

    (√5 + 1)^2

  3. 3.

    Rationalize 1/(√3 + 1).

Challenge problems

A little tougher — great for test prep. Click Show answer when ready.

  1. 1.

    Simplify (2 + √3)(5 − √3).

  2. 2.

    Simplify (√5 + 2)².